Benefits Of Being A Top Paid Executive - 1981 Words

Introduction It is a well-known fact that huge sums of money is made by many executives holding high positions in companies. In the United States, it has become a debatable issue as many CEOs are making abnormally more than other employees in the same firm. Some say that they do not deserve the amount of money that they are paid. The people arguing this way feel that for the amount of work that is done by these executives, their compensation is simply too high. They also believe that these overpaid CEOs often do insufficient job, while still managing to reap the benefits of being a top paid executive. Whilst these are viable arguments against this issue, there is other school of thought on the other side of the spectrum who argue that this†¦show more content†¦At this same time frame however, most other workers have face stagnant wages . With these increases in mind, it should come as no surprise that the ratio between average American CEO’s pay and worker pay is now 303-to-1. Thi s ratio is lower than its peak in 2000, when it was 376-to-1, but it’s in excess of the 1965 ratio of 20-to 1 . When these increases are translated into dollars, the difference becomes staggering. In 1965, CEOs earned an average of $832,000 annually compared to $40,200 for workers. In 2014, CEO pay had risen to an average of $16,316,000 compared to only $53,200 for workers . See appendix one for more details on CEOs pay to workers pay ratio. It is quite ridiculous the way it has gone up over the years without bound. Components of CEOs Pay According to Carola Frydman Dirk Jenter, 2010, CEOs pay has five basic components. They include salary, annual bonuses, payouts from long-term incentive plans, restricted option grants, and restricted stock grants . According to them, CEOs also receive contributions to defined-benefit pension plans, various perquisites, and in case of their departure, severance payments. They were however, quick to add that, the structure has slightly changed over time. This broad pay structure of CEOs make them the highest paid employees in the work place . Who is to blame? Who are we to blame for this disparities in CEOs and commonShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Executive Compensation And Non Monetary Benefits1444 Words   |  6 Pagesforms of financial returns and tangible benefits that employees receive in exchange for their time, talents, efforts, performance, and results (Bernardin, 2013). Executive compensation is defined as the financial payments and non-monetary benefits provided to high level management in exchange for their work on behalf of an organization. The types of employees that are typically paid with executive compensation packages include corporate presidents, chief executive officers, chief financial officers,Read MoreContemporary Issues Of Finance And Its Impact On The Growth Of Executive Compensation1524 Words   |  7 Pagesrole of stock options in the growth of executive compensation over last 20 years. The growth of executive compensation has been a topic of much dispute over the recent years (Bebchuk and Grinstein, 2005) due to the excess in which is paid out to executives in businesses that perform well or even poorly. There has been an undisputed rise in the level of chief executive compensation (Murphy, 1998). Since 1990 compensation levels to CEO’S and the top 5 executives has climbed considerably (Bebchuk andRead MoreU.s. Securities And Exchange Commission1660 Words   |  7 PagesMany people feel that they are entitled to earn more than they currently are. The comparison of executive wages and worker wages has created a backlash from the American public due to the extreme differences in pay. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission adopted the mandate by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act that requires public companies to release their chief executive officers pay in relationship to the median compensation of its employees (U.S. Securiti es andRead MoreEssay on Executive Bonuses901 Words   |  4 Pagespay their executives bonuses. In addition to, the six figure annual salary that most of them earn. The past few years the country has been going through a recession, many people are unemployed and in need of a job and many companies are still downsizing. Therefore, I do not think it’s logical for a company to payout such large bonuses to executives. Companies should be more socially responsible by creating jobs for some of the unemployed and distribute a portion of the money to executives in bonusesRead MoreExecutive Pay Should Be Regulated to Prevent Executives Paying Themselves Too Much1552 Words   |  7 Pages | |Executive pay should be regulated to prevent executives paying themselves too much. | | | Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Case of Bank of America CEO Compensation 3 3. Arguments on Steep Executive Compensation 4 4. Conclusion 6 ReferencesRead MoreUs Auto Industry Back on Top1658 Words   |  7 PagesUNITED STATES AUTO INDUSTRY BACK ON TOP . . . OF CEO PAY Valerie Lieber MGT 2500 Human Resource Management February 11, 2015 INTRODUCTION Executive compensation has been at the forefront of discussion for a long period of time. Analyzed by academics, highlighted by the media, questioned by Congress, and scrutinized by the general public, the topic warrants much debate. In the 1990’s, total executive compensation increased substantially as companies began offering stock option programs;Read MoreMy Chosen Future Profession : Becoming A Chief Executive Officer Of A Major Corporation1082 Words   |  5 PagesMy chosen future profession, after completing my degree is to become a Chief Executive Officer of a major corporation. I have always had an entrepreneurial spirit. I have owned several small business and have some experience as a â€Å"CEO.† Right now I own a small private Security business that I would like to either expand or be employed in an organization as a CEO and run my small business as well. Following, you will find a synopsis of what kind of work CEO†S do, as well as how you can become oneRead MoreEnormouse Wealth of CEOs1194 Words   |  5 Pagesthat make you think of? Some of you may think it is the population of a specific continent? Others may think it is the amount of petroleum being drilled for. I am sure none of you would have guessed it was the amount of money Mark Zuckerburg, the creator of Facebook, made in one year. Executive compensation is bonuses and benefits given to CEO’s of companies on top of the base salary they are receiving. The amount, as you see, can be astronomical which will lead one to question the ethics of employeeRead MoreThe Problem Of A Public Institution1238 Words   |  5 Pagesleads budget cuts that don’t impact all stakeholders evenly, causing vast economic disparity. Executives and Administrators continue to enjoy high salaries accompanied by high increases that are disproportionate to the faculty. Who are forced to work without raises in the country’s most expensive city, combined with the students paying higher tuition. In short CUNY is a public institution that is being run like a private corporation, by government appointed former businessmen, who prioritize theirRead MoreOrganizational Performance Within The Global Realm1648 Words   |  7 Pagesinitiatives bring a socially understood meaning to recruitment that addresses race and gender concerns in the workplace. Having an appropriately applied diversity program brings change to the multicultural societies where the workforce is selected. Being globally diverse in the workforce is the most ethical and appropriate behavioral aspect an organization may initiate (Jayne Dipboye, 2004). Discussion The initiation of diversity programs within any organization will prove beneficial in many ways

Program Note for L.Dip.A ANZCA - 4229 Words

Toccata in Funk Bradley G. Eustace (b.1978) Moderate speed with energy Bradley Grant Eustace, the son of Robert and Rita Eustace, was born in Cairne, Australia on July 12th, 1978. Eustace is an Australian composer, arranger, publisher, and pianist who had been one of the nominees of the top five in the Classical/Jazz section of the 2008 National Music Oz Awards. He started learning many musical instruments in the age of 8 and he got his first Associate Diploma from Yamaha Music Foundations when he was 15. In 1995, he won a MOST (Most Outstanding Student) scholarship in the State of Queensland on bass clarinet. Then, he graduated as Diploma in Music Technology with the Australian Guild of Music Education in 2001 and got the Master†¦show more content†¦He is known as a pianist, composer, and educator who graduated from University of Melbourne in focus on music performance with title Bachelor of Music. Since he learnt piano in age 8, he began to love improvising and he took music composition class when he was in college. He composed pieces mostly for educating his students, to develop performance techniques and awareness of intelligent design. As a proof of his dedication in educating people, his works are listed in Australian examination syllabi and often heard in many music competitions, such as Theme and Deviations (1990), A Gangster Suite (2003), Red Hot Rhapsodies (1997). Red Hot Rhapsodies is a suite that consists of 3 folkish and virtuosic pieces composed for solo piano in 1997. It is like a sonata which Transylvanian Romp as the first movement, Siesta as the second movement, and Jamaican Fumble as the third movement. Transylvanian Romp starts in supertonic of C Major key and the actual key reveals in the end of the piece. It has an irregular time signature 7/8. The articulation, legato and staccato, shows the grouping of rhythm that always changes, such as 2+2+3, 2+3+2, 3+2+2, 3+4, 4+3. The form of this piece is free form but the first theme appears several times in many variations. The melody of this piece is always moving forward without pause or stop.

The Euthanasia Debate Free Essays

Euthanasia is the practice of voluntarily ending a life to relieve pain and suffering (Euthanasia. com/definitions). The act of euthanasia differs from the act of murder in that the person who will die makes the decision to end their life. We will write a custom essay sample on The Euthanasia Debate or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the case of murder, the person does not wish to end their life, but anther person intervenes to bring about their death against their wishes. Euthanasia is categorized as active and passive (Euthanasia. com/definitions). Passive euthanasia means failure to provide life prolonging medical treatment and letting a disease take its natural course without intervention. Active euthanasia means to take measures to end a person’s life (Euthanasia. com/definitions). When the topic of euthanasia is discussed, active euthanasia is typically to what is being referred to. The debate over whether euthanasia, particularly physician assisted suicide, is acceptable is a debate of global concern. Both sides of this debate have clearly defined positions. One side feels that assisted suicide is a form of mercy killing, and under certain conditions patients have a right to assisted suicide if it is their wish. However, others clearly oppose euthanasia, claiming that regardless of the circumstances, to end someone’s life early is wrong. The following will explore both sides of the euthanasia debate. Proponents The Netherlands and Switzerland were the first countries to legalize assisted suicide for those that were suffering from a painful or deadly disease (Pollard). The issue is hotly debated, and jurisdictions around the world switch back and forth continually on the issue. On the pro side of euthanasia, it is recognized as a right of the terminally ill in order to end their suffering. It is considered to be a basic human right to die with dignity (Maisie). Proponents of the right to euthanasia propose that the right to die is a natural extension of a person’s right to make their own decisions on any other topic regarding their (Maisie). The concept that a person has a right to decide whether their life has value to them or not is considered to be a basic human right (Maisie). The right to take one’s own life by suicide is considered to be unacceptable in many cultures, therefore it is looked down upon as culturally unacceptable. However, suicide differs from euthanasia in that a person does not have a condition that would shorten their life, or place them in unbearable pain that is not expected to cease (Euthanasia. com/reasonsforeuthansia). People who commit suicide would have hope for a better quality life if they receive help (St. Clair, 2009). Those who consider euthanasia are exercising their right to end their own suffering. Doctors are at the center of the euthanasia debate. They are in a position where they have an oath to do no harm. Preserving a life of suffering against the wishes of the patient, or ending that life can both be considered doing harm (St. Clair, 2009). Patients have the right to refuse any medical treatment that is against their wishes (Maisie). It is considered to be contradictory to disallow them the ability to end their life in order to end suffering (Maisie). Many of those who support euthanasia do so on the basis of preserving human rights and dignity. Opponents However, those that oppose the right to die do so based on fears that it might be abused, and become a form of legalized murder (Maise). Concerns arise over legal heirs who might promote euthanasia for financial gain, or perhaps doctors who would hasten a death in order to receive an organ transplant (Maise). Opponents bring up many scenarios that would make the bioethics surround the issue even more difficult to resolve. For instance, would a mental illness be considered sufficient emotional pain to justify euthanasia, or would the person be considered to be incapable of making a rational decision in this regard (Hershey)? There are many such issues that weigh into the decision of whether to consider euthanasia to be a reasonable course of action. How to assess whether a person is actually competent to make their own decision when they are under the influence of heavy pain medication is another issue in the euthanasia debate (Hershey). The arguments by both proponents and opponents are largely hypothetical. The circumstances of each case make it difficult to generalize and create effective policy regarding the issue. Both sides have valid points. The arguments of both proponents and opponents are supported by hypothetical situations and scenarios that have come into existence. This makes the issues surrounding the development of uniform legal and moral policies about euthanasia so difficult because of the many different circumstances. The issues surrounding euthanasia are highly emotional and highly personal. In conclusion, the central debate that is at the heart of the euthanasia issue can be reduced to that of human rights. If the person decides to end their life and they have no hope of recovery, then the question shifts from care to whether or not they have a right to end their own life. They have a right to make other medical decisions about their own care, and they have the right to determine if they wish to be resuscitated if they should go into cardiac arrest (Patients Rights Council). They can make a living will and determine if they wish to have life-saving or even life-preserving measures should they become brain dead (Patients Rights Coucil). However, the issues regarding assisted euthanasia are complex and both sides viciously defend their position. How to cite The Euthanasia Debate, Papers

Proverbs (482 words) Essay Example For Students

Proverbs (482 words) Essay ProverbsChapter 1 talks about becoming wise be graceful of your teachings and be gracious you are being taught. You should be happy that you are being taught and you are getting a good education and that you will be able to become something in life because of this education that you are fortunately receiving. Also it says that only idiots despise wisdom and instruction. Which I think is very good to know because it is dumb to just throw away knowledge and wisdom even instruction. Chapter 2I think that this chapter is basically telling us the things that could happen to you if you do not accept wisdom and the things that will happen if you listen to the lords word and the lord can strike fear unto thee soul. Chapter 3I believe that this chapter is basically telling us that we shall not let things come upon us that are not god sort of like the first commandment, which is no other gods before him. You shall always love him and worship him and not another being. Never disobey his correction to you because he is thy one who is right and you are thy one who is wrong. His judgment is always absolute and you shalt never disgrace it in any way of life and being or something like that. Chapter 4This Chapter talks of listening and respecting the lords teaching and do not regret not being able to understand what you have been taught by the almighty lord. Do not decline the words that escape his mouth for they are for understanding and learning. Wisdom is the main thing in life. You shall exalt her and be one with her by giving thee a crown of love and life. He has taught thee in the way of wisdom so you shall not overcome the strength of his teachings and readings. You shall not be tempted by the evil and go the way in evil men but fight for the thing wisdom has given thee. Chapter 16Devote yourself to thee lord and you shall be forsaken with love and gifts. The lord has made all things for purposes including the evil in this land. When a mans ways please the lord then the lord shall make his enemies forgive him. The king loves righteous lips and he loves when the lips speak of truth and life. To become upright to go on the highway of righteousness you shall totally depart from evil. Better it is to be of a humble spirit with the lowly, than to divide the spoil with the proud. He will always give you instruction so that you may do the right thing as long as you devote your worship to him. He that is slow to anger is better than the mighty; and he that rules his spirit than he that taketh a city. Religion Essays

That our intention judgeth our actions Essay Example For Students

That our intention judgeth our actions Essay HE common saying is, that Death acquits us of all our bonds. I know some that have taken it in another sence. Henry the seventh, King of England, made a composition with Philip, son to Maximilian the Emperour or to give him a more honorable title father to the Emperour Charles the fifth, that the said Philip should deliver into his hands the Duke of Suffolke, his mortall enemie, who was fled out of England, and saved himself in the Low countries, always provided the king should attempt nothing against the Dukes life; which promise notwithstanding, being neere his end, he expresly by will and testament commanded his succeeding-sonne, that immediately after his decease, he should cause him to be put to death. We will write a custom essay on That our intention judgeth our actions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In the late tragedie, which the Duke of Alva presented us withall at Brussels, on the Earles of Horne and Egmond were many remarkable things and worthy to be noted: and amongst others, that the said Count Egmond upon whose faithfull word and assurance, the Earle of Horne was come in and yeelded himselfe to the Duke of Alva, required very instantly to be first put to death, to the end his death might acquit and free him of the word and bond, which he ought and was engaged for, to the said Earle of Horne. It seemeth that death hath no whit discharged the former of his word given, and that the second, without dying was quit of it. We cannot be tied beyond our strength and meanes. The reason is, because the effects and executions are not any way in our power,and except our will, nothing is truly in our power: on it onely are all the rules of mans dutie grounded and established by necessitie. And therefore Count Egmond, deeming his minde and will indebted to his promise, how beit the power to effect it, lay not in his hands; was no doubt cleerely absolved of his debt and dutie, although be had survived the Count Horne. But the King of England failing of his word by his intention, cannot be excused, though hee delaide the execution of his disloyaltie untill after his death. No more than Herodotus his Mason who during his natural life, having faithfully kept the secret of his Master the King of ÃÆ'† gypts treasure, when he died discovered the same unto his children. I have in my dayes seene many convicted by their owne conscience, for detaining other mens goods, yet by their last will and testament to dispose themselves, after their decease to make satisfaction. This is nothing to the purpose. Neither to take time for a matter so urgent, nor with so small interest or shew of feeling, to goe about to establish an injurie. They are indebted somewhat more. And by how much more they pay incommodiously and chargably, so much the more just and meritorious is their satisfaction. Penitence ought to charge, yet doe they worse, who reserve the revealing of some heinous conceit or affection towards their neighbour, to their last will and affection, having whilest they lived ever kept it secret. And seeme to have little regard of their owne honour, by provoking the partie offended against their owne memory, and lesse of their conscience, since they could never for the respect of death cancell their ill-grudging affection, and in extending life beyond theirs. Oh wicked and ungodly judges, which referre the judgement of a cause to such time as they have no more knowledge of causes! I will as neere as I can prevent, that my death reveale or utter any thing, my life hath not first publikely spoken.

Free Essays on Separation of Church and State

for the First Amendment. There is very little difference in the fight for religious freedom even now in the 21st Century. This battle is still being fought today in our society, as it is heatedly debated in o... Free Essays on Separation of Church and State Free Essays on Separation of Church and State SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE: THE EVOLUTION FROM ROGER WILLIAMS TO MODERN TIMES The separation of church and state has been fiercely debated for more than three centuries. Before America became an independent union some of the English immigrants, known as Puritans, were coming to this new land to break away from the rule of the Church of England. The Puritans were attempting to â€Å"create a new church, all the while not separating from the old one† (Gaustad 50). However, there were others who believed that in order to completely reform the church, they should separate from the Mother Church. Many of the diehard Puritans believed that the separatist attitude was ungrateful, and consequently no one would take action. Roger Williams, a Calvinistic Puritan who later reformed to Separatism, was a very prominent historical figure in fighting for the separation of church and state. When the United States Constitution was being written, the real debate over religious freedom began. The words separation of church and state are never actually mentioned in t he United States Constitution. When the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment was written, the writers considered the popular belief that God created free will in all people, and that the Government should not be allowed to restrain that free will. Another consideration was the taxation placed on the people for the purpose of financing all churches no matter what their beliefs. Consequently, people of one faith were being forced to contribute to churches of different faiths, which in their eyes infringed on their God given right to freedom of religion. Our forefathers saw a need to protect religion from the government and were very careful in choosing their words for the First Amendment. There is very little difference in the fight for religious freedom even now in the 21st Century. This battle is still being fought today in our society, as it is heatedly debated in o...

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Law - Essay Example This paper highlights that   the Council will be liable in negligence for damages to the premises and repair costs. However, where the question of potential losses of profit of 50,000 pounds is concerned, it appears unlikely that the Courts will hold the Council responsible for compensation of such purely economic losses. According to Alderson B, negligence is defined as â€Å"the omission to so something which a reasonable man†¦.would do, or doing something, which a prudent and reasonable man would not do.†. Two kinds of omissions have been identified; a failure to take appropriate precautions and passive inaction, with the general rule being that there is no duty on a person to take action to prevent harm from befalling others. (Smith v Littlewoods organization Ltd.The Hanby Borough Council may be liable for the failure to take adequate precautions to ensure that flood protection was provided. The omission by passive inaction could also apply in the case of Hanby Council, however it is a public body and therefore has a duty of care to the public to safeguard the premises and prevent the occurrence of flooding. While the general rule of negligence by omission through passive inaction may not impute a duty to prevent harm from befalling others, some of the exceptions that have been identified are when there is an undertaking by the defendant. Ministry of Defence or when the defendant has control over the land or something which could be dangerous if interfered with. Hanby Council had control over the land which had flooded before and caused damages.

German Immigrants Contribution in Union Army During Civil War Term Paper

German Immigrants Contribution in Union Army During Civil War - Term Paper Example Conversely, the Southerners had been a pro-slavery group. The army that was loyal to the north was referred to as the Union army, whereas, the army that was loyal to the south had been referred to as the Confederate army. The nature of the war between these two sides was such that each member of the society was to offer their services, for a charge of course, to the army allied to that region. However, it was agreed that a member could seek their replacement in the army. This was as long as they paid the person taking their place. This arrangement was significantly beneficial to the large immigrants who were seeking secure economic life and a safe place to call home. Aside from the pay, these immigrants received from the people they were replacing, they were also entitled to a salary from the army. Given this, there is no surprise that both armies were in the end characterized by an enormous number of immigrants. Germans immigrants formed a considerable percentage of these immigrants who entered the war. This paper seeks to expound on the role played specifically by these German immigrants in the American Civil War. It is imperative to mention that the analysis of the role of these immigrant soldiers will hinge on those in the Union army. This is because a majority of the German immigrants dedicated their allegiance to this side of the war. There were indeed German immigrants who went the other way. Analysis Prior to analyzing the impact of German immigrants on the American civil war, it is imperative to first expound on the factors motivating this large number of Germans into war. The first motivation was of course financial gain. An immigrant in the United States had to compete for menial work with the slaves. As such, their chances of securing gainful employment were dismal at best. This is the picture of the prospective life of an immigrant in the United States. However, enter the war and this picture transforms drastically and a ray of hope now becomes vis ible. The wage rate given by the two employers, that is the army and the individual they are replacing in the war is extremely higher than the immigrants could ever predict1. Given the gravity of the prospect of low living conditions that faced the immigrants; the power of this financial incentive cannot be overestimated. The second motivating factor hinges on the moral and emotional. A majority of the Germans who immigrated into America were escaping retribution for their role in the failed civil war, in Germany2. Amongst other vices, they were fighting against. This is a form of slavery in the context of the German word. Given this fact, it is no wonder they retaliated with any form of slavery that was still being practiced in the United States of America. However, it is crucial to point out that as society expects, they were some individuals who were not so appalled by this vice hence fighting for the other side, which is the pro-slavery southern side. An additional motivating fa ctor is hinged on the fact that, via the war, the immigrants had a golden opportunity of becoming citizens of America. This was a chance very few immigrants if any, could pass. The temptation of lawfully gaining citizenship was more than the fright of demise. This is hinged on the rationale that many of these immigrants had their families to consider. As a result of the revolution of 1848, Germany had been facing both political and economic troubles3. As such, a great number of citizens opted to

P.management long Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

P.management long - Essay Example There will also be a discussion on some of the key challenges and difficulties that companies may face while using management control systems as packages. What are Management Control Systems? As Lawson states, â€Å"management control systems are methods of collecting information that are used to guide and direct the behavior of staff members and management in order to achieve a company's goals† (1). Management control system is basically a mechanism companies use to collect information required to manage and control the activities regarding accomplishment of organizational goals and objectives. Management control systems include a set of guidelines and techniques for companies that can be used to operate business processes and activities effectively and efficiently. Both managers and employees make use of those directions or methods to bring improvement in their individual and departmental performances, as well as to achieve organizational goals. In today’s world of co mpetition, companies need to adapt quickly to the use of technology in order to come in line for competition with other companies. In this regard, it is the need of today for the companies to adopt the use of management control systems to benefit from ongoing changes instead of leaving behind in the race of competition. Employees and managers need to use their knowledge regarding change to react positively to the changes in the internal and external business environment to improve organizational level of productivity and profitability. They need to link strategic planning and organizational processes by using the operational guidelines of management control systems. The focus of management control systems is not just on a single form of control, such as, performance measures, rather it covers multiple control systems that work together to achieve organizational goals. Therefore, management control systems can be used to direct all administrative matters, as well as to manage the iss ues of employees. Management Control Systems as Packages As Sandelin states, â€Å"the functionality of a control package depends on internal consistency, specifically on the reciprocal linkages of design and use between a primary mode of control and other control elements† (324). In today’s world, the needs of every company regarding internal controls and functionality of different departments are different from every other company. This shows that proper functionality of a management control package is highly dependent on a company’s internal level of operational consistency, as well as on links between different internal controls and systems. The need to use management control systems as packages can be understood by the fact that using such systems in isolation can lead to various administrative issues and organizational problems because all organizational systems and processes are interrelated. Therefore, it is the need of companies to use management contro l systems as packages not only to make an efficient use of organizational systems but also to ensure consistency of processes. According to Sandelin, the variety and operational efficiency of a control package is totally dependent on the way employees and managers of a company takes care of its functional requirements and demands (324). This statement shows that use of control package is

Oral Manifestations of Syphilis

Oral Manifestations of Syphilis Reanna Munn Dawn Vincent Introduction Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infectious disease caused by the spirochete microorganism Treponema pallidum (MedlinePlus, 2014). According to Ficarra and Carlos, syphilis, compared to other sexually transmitted diseases, is easily contracted by any close contact with an infectious lesion, this includes oral sex and kissing. The bacterium enters the lymphatic and blood stream spreading through many organs along with the central nervous system (2009). The population with the highest risk in contracting syphilis is young adults between ages 15-25 (MedlinePlus, 2014). Syphilis has been around for a long time and has manifested itself in a plethora of ways. â€Å"Syphilis evolves through a series of four overlapping stages commonly known as primary syphilis, secondary syphilis, latent syphilis, and tertiary syphilis† (Ficarra Carlos, 2009). Each stage of syphilis has recognizable manifestations. Ficarra and Carlos showed that the primary stage of syphilis is also known as syphilis chancre and this occurs at the site of infection. The majority of the extra-genital chancre are found in the mouth (45-75%) but can occur on any body part such as the hands of health care workers. The Secondary stage of syphilis develops within 2-12 weeks from the initial contact with the bacterium. This stage is easy to diagnose but can also be confused with other skin diseases. Following secondary is the latent period which does not show any clinical signs or symptoms of syphilis. The tertiary stage is where long term complications come along (2009). â€Å"The presence of oral manifestations may be a feature of all stages of syphilis and often may be its first clinical manifestations†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Singh Patil, 2013). Oral Manifestations of Syphilis Oral manifestations are viewed in about 4-12% of patients with primary syphilis and appear at the area where the bacteria entered into the mucosa. Common sites are the tongue, gingiva, soft palate and lips (Ficarra Carlos, 2009). â€Å"Typical mucous membrane lesions tend to be oval, serpiginous, raised erosions or ulcers with an erythematosus border. There is an overlying gray or silver membrane† (Singh Patil, 2013). Comparing primary oral lesions to secondary, primary lesions are few and painless whereas secondary are usually painful and multiple (Singh Patil, 2013). â€Å"The oral manifestations of secondary syphilis are more extensive and/or variable. Mucous patches are highly infectious since they contain vast number of organisms† (Bhovi, Gupta, Devi Pachauri, 2014). The common sites to find secondary lesions are the soft palate and pillars, tongue, and vestibular mucosa. Often pharyngitis, tonsillitis and laryngitis are associated with secondary syphilis (Fica rra Carlos, 2009). Case studies, done by Bhovi et al. (2014) and Singh and Patil (2009), both discovered rare manifestations where syphilis oral lesions were present without any other signs or symptoms. â€Å"There are only few reports of secondary syphilis presenting with isolated oral lesions† (Bhovi et al. 2014). Bhovi et al. also stated that â€Å"Isolated oral ulcerations in secondary syphilis are unusual.† (2014). In the case Singh and Patil were studying, they found a â€Å"[R]are presentation of localized oral lesions of secondary syphilis for 15 days with the absence of skin lesions† (2009). It was found that both cases present the rarity of syphilis manifesting itself in the oral cavity on its own. â€Å"Tertiary syphilis manifests itself in the oral cavity as gumma localized mainly in the hard palate† (Ficarra Carlos, 2009). Ficarra and Carlos also stated how there is not much research regarding oral syphilis and this is most likely because of its anomaly of oral manifestations (2009). MedlinePlus (2014) found â€Å"Symptoms of tertiary syphilis depend on which organs have been affected.† Diagnosis Singh and Patil (2013) concluded that â€Å"Many patients infected with venereal diseases have oral manifestations, but very few dentists and physicians have the proper experience to diagnose syphilis or other STDs from oral lesions.† This raises the risks of the diseases being transferred if the health care workers are pre-exposed to the lesions unaware of what they are from. There are tests and exams that the doctor or nurse may do to diagnose syphilis. MedlinePlus (2014) listed the tests as â€Å"Examination of fluid from sore†, â€Å"Echocardiogram, aortic angiogram, and cardiac catheterization to look at the major blood vessels and heart†, â€Å"Spinal tap and examination of spinal fluid†, and â€Å"Blood tests to screen for syphilis bacteria†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Treatment According to MedlinePlus (2014), â€Å"Syphilis can be cured if it is diagnosed early and completely treated.† Ficarra and Carlos (2009) stated â€Å"Benzathine penicillin G or aqueous penicillin G remains the drug of choice for all forms of syphilis.† For patients that are allergic to penicillin, â€Å"Oral tetracyclines are also effective in the treatment of syphilis†¦ (Ficarra Carlos, 2009).† â€Å"Tetracycline, 500mg, orally four times daily for 14days, or doxycycline 100mg orally twice for 14 days†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Ficarria Carlos, 2009). MedlinePlus (2014) notified â€Å"Length of treatment depends on how severe the syphilis is, and factors such as the patient’s overall health.† Conclusion After researching syphilis, the importance of being able to recognize the disease in the early stages is amplified not only for the individual who obtains it, but for the others who are potentially exposed to it. It is clear from my findings that syphilis has a variety of manifestations at once and it is very interesting to further learn about the rare cases of syphilis occurring only in the mouth. The four stages change very drastically from painless, to painful, to asymptomatic, to lethal. Again, emphasising the importance to seek treatment before it is beyond curable. Since there are many oral manifestations of syphilis dental professionals should be aware of what they may come in contact with. The transfer from the oral cavity to the health care workers hand is an entry way for the disease to be contracted. It is imperative to always take full precautions in any disease or disorder in the oral cavity and treat every patient with that potential. References Bhovi, T. V., Gupta, M., Devi, P., Pachauri, A. (2014). An unusual manifestation of secondary syphilis: A case report. Journal Of Indian Academy Of Oral Medicine Radiology, 26(4), 436-438. doi:10.4103/0972-1363.155642 Ficarra, G., Carlos, R. (2009). Syphilis: The Renaissance of an Old Disease with Oral Implications.Head and Neck Pathology,3(3), 195–206. doi:10.1007/s12105-009-0127-0 MedlinePlus. (2014). Syphilis – Primary. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000861.htm Singh, P. V., Patil, R. (2013). Atypical oral manifestations in secondary syphilis. Indian Journal Of Dental Research, 24(1), 142-144. doi:10.4103/0970-9290.114928

Euclidean Geometry :: essays research papers

Euclidean Geometry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Geometry was thoroughly organized in about 300 BC, when the Greek mathematician Euclid gathered what was known at the time, added original work of his own, and arranged 465 propositions into 13 books, called 'Elements'. The books covered not only plane and solid geometry but also much of what is now known as algebra, trigonometry, and advanced arithmetic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Through the ages, the propositions have been rearranged, and many of the proofs are different, but the basic idea presented in the 'Elements' has not changed. In the work facts are not just cataloged but are developed in a fashionable way.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even in 300 BC, geometry was recognized to be not just for mathematicians. Anyone can benefit from the basic learning of geometry, which are how to follow lines of reasoning, how to say precisely what is intended, and especially how to prove basic concepts by following these lines of reasoning. Taking a course in geometry is beneficial for all students, who will find that learning to reason and prove convincingly is necessary for every profession. It is true that not everyone must prove things, but everyone is exposed to proof. Politicians, advertisers, and many other people try to offer convincing arguments. Anyone who cannot tell a good proof from a bad one may easily be persuaded in the wrong direction. Geometry provides a simplified universe, where points and lines obey believable rules and where conclusions are easily verified. By first studying how to reason in this simplified universe, people can eventually, through practice and experience, learn how to reason in a complicated world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Geometry in ancient times was recognized as part of everyone's education. Early Greek philosophers asked that no one come to their schools who had not learned the 'Elements' of Euclid. There were, and still are, many who resisted this kind of education. It is said that Ptolemy I asked Euclid for an easier way

Educational years Essay

School’s Reading Goal: * All students improve a grade level or more on Individual Reading Inventories Professional Development (PD) Focus: *All strategies presented in PD are geared towards reaching this goal. Individual Teacher Approaches: *The third grade teachers have used second grade test scores to identify that their students are weak in the area of comprehension Dawn has presented a strategy called Question Answer Relationships to help improve comprehension in students. The strategy helps students to learn to identify what kind of question is being asked to assist them in strategically finding the answer. Angie Heppner is a first year teacher who participates in the mandatory district teacher induction program. The induction program includes meeting with her mentor teacher, who is released from the classroom full time. The mentor teacher and Angie use data collected from classroom observation to set goals to work on in the classroom. The Participants Literacy Coach Dawn Benke works with 2nd and 3rd grade teachers as a literacy coach at a K-6 Teacher #1 Lillian Kurz has 31 students in her class, with five of her students falling far below in reading as identified through test data, 10 students approaching, 11 students meeting and four students exceeding. My comments: I totally understand the reasoning for Lilian not being offered the coach’s position. Based on her class data, it is evident that she is an effective teacher, and is very much valued in her grade level. She is working with a rather large class, which is difficult to consistently provide meaningful instructional activities as she would like to (particularly if she is dealing with behavioral issues). Teacher #2 Duane Keller has 29 students, with seven of his students falling far below in reading, seven approaching, 14 students meeting, and one student exceeding. My comments: I think the Duane seems to know what he is doing, based on the reading distribution data for his class. In addition, if it is not already being done, I think that a reading intervention time should be included in the daily schedule. The interventionist should be Duane, as those are his students and he would be better able to keep up with their progress and make connections with other grade level work being done in the classroom. Teacher #3 Jesse Vree’s class consists of 20 her students. She has three students who are falling far below, three students who are approaching, 19 students who are meeting and five students who are exceeding. My comments: WWOW! Jesse’s students are doing great! Based on her data, I think that Dawn should encourage her to share what works for her. Those three students, who are falling below, may have issues that need to be addressed by someone other than the classroom teacher. In some cases learning disabilities become clearing apparent as instruction intensifies. Teacher #4 Angie Heppner has 28 students; six of whom are falling far below, 10 who are approaching, 10 who are meeting, and two are exceeding. My comments: Angie is one lucky first-year teacher. It is great that she has a full-time mentor teacher. I know that she will amass a great deal of knowledge and avoid many failures. Collaboration with someone who has taught for many years is a windfall. DAWN’S CURRENT PLAN OF ACTION Weekly professional development by grade level one day in the week during PD time 1. Presents a piece of the literacy strategy they are working with. My comments: Dawn’s response to intervention is certainly on the right track, and will definitely assist her teachers in making some progress. Modeling the lesson will definitely assist her teachers in instruction. In my personal experience, I have found that the true effectiveness of a lesson is most accurately note when it is performed for the students in their own learning setting, by the coach, with the teacher as an â€Å"involved onlooker† In this way the teacher can take notes on how the coach interacts with the students in regards to class-work as well as classroom management. It gives the teacher the opportunity to observe and reflect while teaching is going on. Thus after teaching the lesson, both the coach and the teacher can discuss and reflect on whether or not the students had fully understood what had been taught. 2. Models a lesson using the strategy My comments: Yes! Yes! Yes! I totally agree. However that’s not where it stops. In order to get those students to improve one grade level or more, lots more need to be done. That’s where differentiated instruction comes into play. Dawn needs to make her teachers aware that their Struggling students are indeed at risk or failure, for possibly the lack fundamental skills necessary s to work or read on their grade level. She should encourage her teachers to use any diagnostic reading data that they have available or otherwise perform their own. Although time-consuming, conducting a QR1 (qualitative reading inventory), saves a lot of headache- â€Å"when little Johnny just doesn’t seem to get it†- a QRI will let you know on exactly which reading level he/she is: struggling, instructional or independent. The findings of this type of assessment supports instruction and provides concrete data that teachers could share with the literacy coach, to support the need for proposed intervention various areas, such as phonics instruction, vocabulary and comprehension and adapting curriculum. A teacher knows his/her students and is the best advocate. Ultimately success is accomplished through collaborative efforts of the literacy coach, the classroom teachers and definitely the students. Literacy coaches don’t know it all, and neither do teachers. However, the data provided in the case study is indicative of a strong team, supportive of each other, despite their previous varied teaching assignments. Effective communication is fundamental in planning for effective reading instruction. Knowledge of each student’s instructional and independent levels is beneficial in planning center activities and teacher directed instruction i.e. small groups. 3. Leads a discussion amongst the teachers about the strategy and how it applies to their own classrooms My comments: I like the fact that Dawn elicits teacher response, as to whether or not the modeled strategy would work in their classroom. She is giving them the opportunity to make adjustments and possible adaptations to the instructional delivery. In this forum the can be immediate feedback for clear expectations on both the literacy coach’s par and the teachers’ part. Dawn shows awareness of the diverse learning styles that are contained within a classroom. Here she identifies challenges and allows opportunity to address them. 4. Offers time for teachers to plan to use the strategy in their classroom. Requires teachers to implement the strategy in the upcoming week Bring student work samples to the next session, where they evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy. My comments Dawn makes her teachers accountable, not only for theirs students learning gains, but their own as well. When her teachers can effectively deliver lessons, it will certainly reflect in the reading performance of their students. Through their collaborative efforts dawn and her third grade team are well on their way to achieving their school goal. My Activity/Skills Recommendation Developing a Love for Reading As literacy coach Dawn can provide her teachers with a compile list of reading approaches that they may use to promote reading interest in their classroom, through interaction and involvement with text, thus improve overall reading performance. Instructional procedures will be intensive and include: (i)Purposeful explicit & implicit teaching of concepts (ii)Teacher- student interaction that targets understanding of various text structures-cause & effect, chronological order, (iii)Use differentiated instruction – student will participate in independent as well as teacher-led activities (iv)Student selection of leveled text for home reading. (v)Providing student with clear meaningful explanations and expectations of all tasks Targeting Comprehension Sequence activities will provide â€Å"At Risk† students with opportunity to practice and strengthen their ability to recall specific events as well as retelling text in a more cohesive manner. Vocabulary instruction will focus on words selected from the word lists and selected instructional text to provide instruction in the areas of synonyms, antonyms, affixes, words in c.

Communication and Professional Relationships Essay

1.1Explain the principles of effective communication? Why are 1.2effective communication skills important when developing 2.1positive relationships with children, young people and adults? 2.3 1.3What social, professional and cultural differences/factors may 2.2affect the way we develop relationships with children, young 2.3people and adults? 2.4 2.5Explain how to manage disagreements with children and young people within your school? 3.2Why is it important to reassure children, young people and adults about confidentiality. Provide an example of how confidentiality would be breached. Effective communication is a two-way process of giving and receiving information. Effective communication skills are important when developing positive relationships with children, young people and adult. Effective communication is important to develop a good rapport. You need to support children and young people in making choices. There are many forms of communication; there is verbal, non-verbal, written format and body language. You need to consider the forms of communication for the appropriate age and language. If you were communicating with little children you need to position your body to their level, you need to come face to face with them instead of looking down at them. With people of different abilities you tend to use hand gestures and rely on body language. While speaking to other staff members in the school you speak to them in a more formal way. It is important to know the cultural beliefs of everyone in the community as some cultures can cause communication barriers. As a Muslim in the school it would be hard to use eye contact as it is against their beliefs. You need to be able to create an atmosphere in which everyone feels involved and confident to communicate. You need to adapt communication for different needs. Other communication barriers that could occur are having misunderstandings, disagreements and lack of time. If a disagreement was to arise in the school I would stay calm. I would be assertive and discuss the issue in private. I would get the people involved in the disagreement together and talk through the problem. If talking calmly didn’t sort the problem out then the next step would be to ask someone else to step in who isn’t bias and see what they could suggest. If these steps didn’t work you would have to work your way up the ranks until you reach the head teacher who would then have to inform the governors. This is a problem for the two parties involved as formal steps would be taken and a tribunal would be carried out. You need to record all progress made within the school, including any difficulties you find children or employees are having as well as achievements that are made. Adults are role models for all young people so it is important to be a caring person, you need to be approachable, genuine and a good time keeper.

Marcus Garvey essays

Marcus Garvey essays Marcus Garvey, born in St. Ann, Jamaica in 1887, seemed to have been racially proud since birth. A descendant of the fiercely proud Maroons, Garvey displayed his pride and aided others in developing the same pride in fellow Africans, and also helping to awake Negros. His movements spread throughout the Caribbean and the United States, awakening many Africans to from the boundaries that had kept them under oppression for so long. While Garvey's name has now achieved legendary proportions, and his movement has had an ongoing international impact, Garvey was just another man who embodied the contradictions of his generation. He was seen by his colleagues in a variety of ways, both positive and negative. Despite any controversy, he has come to define both a social phenomenon, organized under the banner of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and African Communities League (ACL), and an era of black renaissance, in which Garveyism and the concept of black racial pride became synonymous, (Holly, 132). Garveyism as an ideological movement began in black Harlem in the spring of 1918, and then flourished throughout the black world. Nearly a thousand UNIA divisions were formed, and tens of thousands of members enrolled within the brief period of seven years. The reign of the Garvey movement, as Reverend Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., wrote, "awakened a race consciousness that made Harlem felt around the wor ld," (Holly, 174). Of course, Garveyism is not the only reason that Marcus Garvey is so widely known today. Garveys prized work begins with founding a newspaper in Jamaica entitled The Negro World, following the slogan One God, One Aim, One Destiny. Around 1916, Garvey left his home of Jamaica to spread his ideas to the African Americans. Garvey's farewell address to Jamaicans included the words Look to Africa for the crowning of a Black king; he s ...

Commerce Clause WIckard v. Filburn and Affordable Care Act Term Paper

Commerce Clause WIckard v. Filburn and Affordable Care Act - Term Paper Example The judicial system novel comprehension was solidified and elongated over the next couple of years, as the older judges stopped working due to retirement, giving FDR the chances that his militant endeavors had failed to establish. With this in mind why should we bother reviewing, much less written of the book â€Å"Rethinking the New Deal Court?† Main body Barry Cushman, a historian at Virginia University, provides a simple answer: the story we are aware of and love is incorrect. In Barry’s point of view, the assertion that a craven court suddenly neglected several doctrines to save itself from the critics of Roosevelt’s group is misplaced on every instance. The doctrinal alterations were not sudden, but happened over an extended period of time, as a number of justices slowly pulled away from previous decisions restricting government’s directive of the economy. The climax was not 1937 but rather 1934, when the judicial system defended a New York decree set ting milks’ price. At last, the absolute momentum to change was not the threats from outside, but the judgment of the courts own ruling. Even though, Cushman is in agreement that by 1940 the constitution of the pre-New Deal was gone, he is not in the same wavelength why, when, and how it was neglected. Stressing Cushman’s disapproval of the typical description, is a condemnation of the poetics of the legal authority- the way we converse about jury and rule unspoken in that account? To be distinctive, he believes that the typical explanation is too reductionist in its handling of decree and the jury. The law is reduced to politics, treating the jury as just politicians who are not elected militants who respond to their condition as any politician might be; doing what is prudential to enhance their agenda. Many at times, they are usually greedy and their reach supersedes their grasp. Such overreacting was in short what transpired in the 1930s, according to the typical ac count. By putting down the New Deal and supplementary intrepid political schemes channeled to save the nation from the Depression, the Judicial aggravated such a powerful response that it had to move back in the facet of Roosevelt’s Court-packing preparation in order to conserve what was left of its veracity and supremacy. Cushman starts by illustrating that the typical account does not fit the history of events. In fact, this description requires a string of events that is exactly the opposite of what actually transpired. Most visibly, the fairness debated and voted for the vital cases in meeting a number of weeks before Roosevelt proclaimed the court-packing strategy. Although not yet unearthed, the toggle happened before the nine noticed that they required to be saved. In the event that the court had the knowledge of the courts-packing strategy when voting, the plan stimulated up such antagonism from politicians and people that it might have threatened the justices. Indeed , looking at it at a closer perspective of opposition to the jury indicates that the real mystery is why the jury for ages to integrate the New deals. It was fastest in its resistance during the first years of the New deal, when the allies and FDR were mostly known and liked. It rejected the struggle long after the climax of

Critical Thinking Assigment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Thinking Assigment - Essay Example In order to obtain views of students facing this problem, a questionnaire has been developed, which is attached to this report. There are five types of sampling that can be used for academic research, and they are briefly discussed below. Simple random sampling is the basis method which suggests that every individual has equal probability to be included in the sample. Systematic Sampling allows every kth individual to have a chance to be included in the sample (Babbie 209). Stratified Sampling chooses a grouping of individuals on the basis of certain specifics and then sample can be selected using random sampling (Babbie 212). Convenience Sampling is when the researcher gives the questionnaire to individuals irrespective of any other requisite and hopes that higher response rate can be achieved (Bryman and Bell 197). Snowball Sampling implies that the researcher approaches a small group of individuals who then ask others to participate in the research (Bryman and Bell 200). Quota Sam pling is used when the researcher creates sample groups so that sufficient representation from the population on the basis of their demographics can be achieved (Bryman and Bell 201). For the purpose of the current study, convenience sampling has been used. The reason for this was that the researcher sent the questionnaire to 20 students and requested them to complete it in their own convenient time and submit it via email. This has allowed respondents to take their time and complete their questionnaire with ease. In comparison to this sampling technique that has been adopted for the study it is understood that if different methods of sampling had been used then the researcher could expect different outcome. For example, if the sample population was selected using quota sampling then results representative of different demographic classes could have been achieved. Moreover, for stratified sampling a list of car owners driving to the college would be required to select appropriate sa mple. The response rate was 100% as all respondents returned the questionnaire after completing it. The questionnaire consisted of 10 questions including four demographic questions. Findings are presented below. Out of 20 respondents, 15 individuals are females and 5 are males, and each of them owns a car and uses it to get to the college. Majority of the respondents are 18-23 years old. Respondents are taking different courses at the PCCC College. Since, the study is not focused upon segregating and analyzing data on the basis of the demographics of respondents therefore, no further discussion is made regarding them. All respondents feel that there is a shortage of car parking at the PCCC College. Majority of the respondents are of the view that they are often late in reaching the college on time because they cannot find suitable car parking and they have to park their cars at far locations. Due to the shortage of parking slots in the college, most of the respondents think they sho uld stop driving cars to the college and should use other modes of transport. Moreover, they feel that the PCCC College management should be held responsible for providing alternate car parking space. On the basis of the findings of this report, it is suggested that college administration should rent out nearby parking slots from their owners and assign a specific number of parking space to students who drive cars to get to the col